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Table 6 Fully-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteopathic palpatory findings according to element of somatic dysfunction, spinal segmental level, and laterality.*

From: A case-control study of osteopathic palpatory findings in type 2 diabetes mellitus

  

Laterality

Element of Somatic Dysfunction

Spinal Segmental Level

Left

Right

  

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

Skin changes

   
 

T5–T7

0.98 (0.29–3.24)

1.12 (0.32–3.86)

 

T8–T10

1.88 (0.57–6.13)

0.54 (0.18–1.65)

 

T11-L2

1.08 (0.22–5.29)

1.08 (0.24–4.79)

Trophic changes

   
 

T5–T7

0.83 (0.26–2.66)

0.43 (0.14–1.30)

 

T8–T10

0.80 (0.27–2.40)

1.27 (0.42–3.84)

 

T11-L2

0.31 (0.08–1.18)

0.82 (0.25–2.64)

Tissue changes

   
 

T5–T7

1.01 (0.37–2.74)

1.26 (0.47–3.39)

 

T8–T10

1.33 (0.45–3.88)

1.95 (0.66–5.79)

 

T11-L2

2.24 (0.76–6.60)

5.54 (1.76–17.47)†

Tenderness

   
 

T5–T7

1.48 (0.37–6.01)

1.60 (0.40–6.45)

 

T8–T10

1.42 (0.34–5.94)

2.13 (0.49–9.34)

 

T11-L2

3.60 (0.87–14.95)

2.52 (0.72–8.82)

Immobility

   
 

T5–T7

0.73 (0.25–2.18)

2.39 (0.85–6.72)

 

T8–T10

1.90 (0.61–5.90)

1.45 (0.48–4.40)

 

T11-L2

1.13 (0.41–3.14)

0.76 (0.28–2.10)

  1. *Table entries are for risk of a positive osteopathic palpatory finding in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus vs. subjects without type 2 diabetes mellitus, adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, and clinical depression.
  2. †P = .003.