Chronicity | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LBP Visits | Acute Problem (Initial Visit) | Chronic Problem (Follow-Up Visit) | Chronic Problem Visits | |||||||||||
Medical Management | n | NPE | SE | % | n | NPE | SE | % | n | NPE | SE | % | OR | 95% CI |
Diagnostic tests | ||||||||||||||
Complete blood count | 52 | 2,663 | 416 | 6 | 12 | 525 | 197 | 5 | 19 | 1,165 | 265 | 6 | 1.32 | 0.52-3.37 |
Urinalysis | 69 | 3,243 | 456 | 8 | 39 | 1,754 | 359 | 16 | 10 | 613 | 161 | 3 | 0.18 | 0.09-0.37 |
Radiograph | 142 | 5,602 | 634 | 13 | 57 | 2,385 | 406 | 21 | 24 | 830 | 195 | 4 | 0.17 | 0.09-0.32 |
Other imaging test† | 83 | 2,434 | 345 | 6 | 24 | 632 | 146 | 6 | 29 | 904 | 191 | 5 | 0.83 | 0.44-1.58 |
Any diagnostic test | 926 | 37,683 | 2,608 | 89 | 244 | 10,807 | 809 | 97 | 396 | 15,734 | 1,419 | 83 | 0.14 | 0.04-0.49 |
Patient counseling | ||||||||||||||
Diet or nutrition | 75 | 3,335 | 602 | 8 | 15 | 734 | 196 | 7 | 40 | 1,688 | 488 | 9 | 1.38 | 0.58-3.32 |
Weight reduction | 49 | 2,232 | 529 | 5 | 10 | 504 | 183 | 5 | 25 | 1,143 | 384 | 6 | 1.35 | 0.52-3.49 |
Exercise | 204 | 8,320 | 1,070 | 20 | 49 | 2,196 | 391 | 20 | 95 | 3,979 | 771 | 21 | 1.08 | 0.63-1.85 |
Mental health counseling‡ | 45 | 1,859 | 639 | 4 | 5 | 240 | 124 | 2 | 31 | 1,176 | 525 | 6 | 3.00 | 0.94-9.61 |
Any patient counseling | 513 | 22,397 | 2,510 | 53 | 119 | 5,408 | 563 | 49 | 224 | 10,138 | 1,956 | 54 | 1.21 | 0.70-2.11 |
Drugs | ||||||||||||||
Non-narcotic analgesics | 58 | 2,492 | 431 | 6 | 13 | 669 | 201 | 6 | 29 | 1,351 | 301 | 7 | 1.20 | 0.51-2.82 |
Narcotic analgesics | 261 | 10,503 | 1,128 | 25 | 56 | 2,385 | 444 | 21 | 141 | 5,355 | 758 | 28 | 1.44 | 0.76-2.72 |
NSAIDs (including antiarthritics) | 333 | 14,237 | 1,180 | 34 | 113 | 5,497 | 596 | 49 | 128 | 5,288 | 667 | 28 | 0.40 | 0.25-0.64 |
Any drug | 729 | 30,523 | 2,012 | 72 | 204 | 9,746 | 798 | 88 | 316 | 12,703 | 1,233 | 67 | 0.29 | 0.13-0.62 |
Physiotherapy§ | 179 | 8,596 | 2,135 | 20 | 32 | 1,408 | 325 | 13 | 88 | 4,866 | 1,887 | 26 | 2.38 | 0.93-6.07 |
Surgical procedure | 59 | 1,932 | 407 | 5 | 2 | 51 | 35 | 0 | 27 | 1,042 | 304 | 6 | 12.62 | 3.18-50.07 |
Total | 1,042 | 42,427 | 3,108 | 100 | 253 | 11,111 | 798 | 100 | 457 | 18,948 | 2,154 | 100 | ... |